Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 35(1): 105-116, 2025 (June)

General

In vitro Mass Propagation of Philodendron cv. ‘Birkin’ through Direct and Indirect Organogenesis

Nafisa Tasnim, Kazi Tanbir Rahman, Snigdha Sarker, Md. Raihan Iqbal Raju* and Mohd. Talim Hossain

Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh

Key words: Key words: Mass propagation, Philodendron cv. ‘Birkin’, Direct and indirect organogenesis

Abastract

This study established both direct and indirect in vitro regeneration protocol for Philodendron cv. 'Birkin' using shoot tips, leaf lamina and stem nodal segments. Direct shoot induction was highest in MS medium with 2.5 mg/l BAP, resulting in an 86.67% response with an average of 9.20 shoots per shoot tip and 75% response with 12.60 shoots per nodal segment. Callus induction from leaf lamina was most effective (72%) on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D, leading to rapid and healthy callus formation. Indirect shoot organogenesis was optimized with 3.0 mg/l BAP, providing an 85% response with 25.80 shoots per callus. The combination of 0.5 mg/l NAA with 3.5 mg/l BAP produced longest shoots, measuring 5.12 cm. This combination of NAA and BAP also promoted the multiplication of direct and indirect shoots, resulting in 100% explant response with an average of 33.60 shoots per culture. In addition, supplementation with 1.5 mg/l 2-iP produced the longest shoots, measuring 7.58 cm. The shoot number reached a maximum of 37.40 during 4th subculture, and then slightly declined to 35.20 in the 5th subculture. This response was further improved by adding 10% coconut water, leading to an average of 38.20 shoots per culture, measuring 7.06 cm in length, with a maximum of 9-11 aerial roots. Sucrose levels below or above 3% led to poor shoot development. Rooting was observed in 93.33% of cultures using ½MS medium with 1.0 mg/l IBA, resulting an average of 17.80 roots per culture, and the combination of 1.0 mg/l IBA and 0.5 mg/l NAA produced the longest roots at 6.18 cm. Acclimatization in a garden soil compost-coal pieces-moss mix (1: 1: 1: 1) led to 96.67% seedling survival, indicated by new root and leaf growth.

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